Guanli  Fu ¹ , Yi  Xu ²

1 Hainan Institute of Biotechnology, Haikou, 570100, Hainan, China
2 Institute of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
Author    Correspondence author
Journal of Mosquito Research, 2024, Vol. 14, No. 6   
Received: 11 Sep., 2024    Accepted: 21 Oct., 2024    Published: 11 Nov., 2024

Mosquito-borne viral infections, such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya, pose significant global public health challenges due to their widespread prevalence and economic burden. While vector control remains a cornerstone of prevention, its limitations, coupled with the lack of vaccines for many mosquito-borne diseases, underscore the urgent need for effective antiviral drugs to mitigate morbidity and mortality. This study examines existing and emerging antiviral strategies, with a focus on the mechanisms of virus entry, replication, and immune evasion, and explores drug development methods targeting these pathways. It evaluates broad-spectrum antiviral drugs, immune enhancers, and drugs with virus specific effects and challenges such as drug resistance, pharmacological limitations, and economic barriers. A case study on the development of dengue antiviral drugs emphasizes real-world applications and cross applicability to other mosquito borne infections. Technological advances, including artificial intelligence, multi omics integration, and structural biology, have the potential to revolutionize drug discovery and provide recommendations for future research. Efforts are ongoing to develop and distribute antiviral drugs to address the evolving threat of mosquito borne virus infections. Global cooperation initiatives and innovative policy frameworks are crucial to ensuring fair access to these advances.

Mosquito-borne diseases; Antiviral drug development; Viral entry and replication; Immune evasion; Broad-spectrum antivirals